2015GRE：如何分析填空题句子结构

GRE填空答题如何分析句子结构，分隔与粘连是主要的重复信息的方式

A.分隔：句子中对主干进行修饰或补充的成分

定语从句：that 同位语：that who “，” 插入语：“，”分词结构：分词不定式结构：to 介词短语：介词

B.粘连：由分号或冒号分开的上下句结构(大粘连)和一个句子内部的直接简单重复(小粘连);大粘连：直接同义重复：并列、因果关系词

双重否定与肯定句重复：(1)A;not 非A (2)A;It’s wrong/foolish/presumptuous to say 非A

主动句与被动句重复：is the result of is the outgrowth of is the product of A?B;B?by A

逆否命题重复：A?B;非B?非 A(无被动句标志词)

比较句重复：to the same degree/extent as...as more/less -er better than

手段目的句重复：by for in terms of

特殊并列句重复：包含两个并列关系从句的句式

时间对比句重复：once formerly initial pristine erstwhile hereto hitherto now future before recent begin start create until no longer previous

比喻句重复：like as

小粘连：and but rather than even as...as so...as to...

判断句子逻辑关系：找出信号词，判断句子的并列、转折关系和正(+)、反(—)态度关系

A.并列关系：并列递进条件因果分号、冒号、破折号

并列：and also or just as similarly correspondingly in the same way indeed accordingly

递进：even

因果：derive from lead to due to because cause since for therefore thus hence in that so...that so...as to as a result result in result from accordingly consequently give rise to

B.让步、转折：even though although even...though while whereas but yet however nevertheless notwithstanding despite in spite of in contrast to on the contrary on the other hand far from rather than whatever otherwise ironically illogically paradoxically curiously surprisingly unfortunately although...， remain/continue(两次转折，—+ —)

分号

C.的正、反态度：态度语气词;在没有中心词时，特别要注意靠空格的正、反态度来解题

D.强烈对比：时间强对比人物强对比对象强对比(句子叙述对象的转移)

E.照应：人称代词：it 指示代词：such this that those these 定冠词：the

F.主体词：主体动词：continue remain shift from...to oscillate between...and turn...into reconcile...and...人物身份名词特征人物的特征性质或特征动作。

定位中心词：定位与空格对应的词汇或短语;无中心词时一般要根据句子逻辑关系两空格同时做，两空格相隔很近时一般也要同时做。

解题：以上三步是做题的关键，体现了解题的思路流程，但并不是每题都必须完成这三步才能解题，这三步分别强调了解题的不同方面和角度，一般用两步或三步即可解题。

四种错误原因：

A.逻辑关系弄反

B.因为句子复杂或含义晦涩，找不到中心词

C.没有中心词

D.选项中的词义理解不到位