雅思考情分析03 | 7月18日雅思听力考试翻车？看看老师怎么说

哈喽各位同学们，果然雅思爸爸的仁慈不常有，今天的考试远没有上周那么善良，听力Section1依旧保留了example，然而，很多小伙伴表示在section1就翻了车，听力整体难度偏高。阅读相比虽然没有那么挑战极限，但凭借去年勇夺热搜的老题也成功博了一番关注。下面，就跟随老师一起来了解一下本场考试吧。

　　【整体分析】：

　　本次听力考试三篇文章为以前的旧题，场景都是常规场景，背景知识大家普遍较为熟悉。题型常规，S1和S4均为10个填空，S2和S3以匹配及选择为主。但本场考试整体语速偏快，导致很多同学难以跟上节奏。据很多同学反映S1难度和S4相仿（至于是S1变难了还是S4变简单了请大家自行想象），剩下两个section语速快的飞起，还出现了久违的地图题，所以本场听力整体还是偏难的。例如地图题的做题方法和考点，很多同学可能掌握的不是特别扎实，平时缺少练习，本次考试就给大家提了个醒，不能忽视小众题型的练习。其次，语速的问题，在考前练习时要加强精听训练，是当倍速练习剑桥真题里的S1，这样可以让大家更好地适应考试的语速。

　　【后续备考建议】： 

　　1. 加强精听训练，适当进行倍速听力练习

　　2. 熟悉每种题型的做题方法及考察重点

　　3. 加强高频考点词汇的拼写及拼写法的训练

　　附：本场考试section2的原题及部分答案解析

　　11-14 单选

　　11. What is the main purpose of the Art by the Sea Event

　　A. to help find the development of young artists

　　12. Visitors who attend the film show will see

　　B. talks from exhibiting artists

　　13. At the “Artwork for sale” building, volunteers must prevent visitors from

　　B. taking photographs14. Volunteers who work in the cafe are required to

　　C. clean the tables

　　15. Building：H16. Sculptures：B

　　17. Children’s sculpture: J

　　18. Trail information desk: G

　　19. Artwork for sale: C

　　20. Cafe: D

　　阅读部分

　　【整体分析】：

　　本次考试题型出的相对常规，常见题型全部出现在了考卷中。基础题型填空和判断占比依然不小，想要得到高分，这样的基础题型的正确率一定要有保证。第二篇文章和第三篇文章，涉及单词及句型难度都较大，但是已经是多次出现的老题了，所以按照要求刷题的同学做起来应该得心应手，没有做过的同学难度就比较大了。尤其是第二篇文章，LOH达到了令人发指的七个题，战略性放弃是行不通了。这也着实让很多烤鸭们吃了一惊，这样题型的正确率是与平时的精读挂钩的，所以想要获得高分的同学，一定要重视平日里的精读训练。

　　【后续备考建议】

　　保证填空和判断题的正确率，尤其是第1篇文章，尽量多得分。

　　匹配题虽然本次考试出现频次较高，四大类匹配题（sentence, feature, heading ,information）一定是要当成平时训练的重点，把握好这几种题型的做题方法和替换规律。

　　平时在刷题之后一定要注意精读练习，提升阅读的速度和准确度。

　　附：本场考试passage2的原题及答案解析

　　Bird Migration

　　Birds have many unique design features that enable them to perform such amazing feats of endurance. They are equipped with lightweight, hollow bones, intricately designed feathers providing both lift and thrust for rapid flight, navigation systems superior to any that man has developed, and an ingenious heat conserving design that, among other things, concentrates all blood circulation beneath layers of warm, waterproof plumage, leaving them fit to face life in the harshest of climates. Their respiratory systems have to perform efficiently during sustained flights at altitude, so they have a system of extracting oxygen from their lungs that far exceeds that of any other animal. During the later stages of the summer breeding season, when food is plentiful, their bodies are able to accumulate considerable layers of fat, in order to provide sufficient energy for their long migratory flights.

　　The fundamental reason that birds migrate is to find adequate food during the winter months when it is in short supply. This particularly applies to birds that breed in the temperate and Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, where food is abundant during the short growing season. Many species can tolerate cold temperatures if food is plentiful, but when food is not available they must migrate. However, intriguing questions remain.

　　One puzzling fact is that many birds journey much further than would be necessary just to find food and good weather. Nobody knows, for instance, why British swallows, which could presumably survive equally well if they spent the winter in equatorial Africa, instead fly several thousands of miles further to their preferred winter home in South Africa’s Cape Province. Another mystery involves the huge migrations performed by arctic terns and mudflat-feeding shorebirds that breed close to Polar Regions. In general, the further north a migrant species breeds, the further south it spends the winter. For arctic terns this necessitates an annual round trip of 25,000 miles. Yet, en route to their final destination in far-flung southern latitudes, all these individuals overfly other areas of seemingly suitable habitat spanning two hemispheres. While we may not fully understand birds’ reasons for going to particular places, we can marvel at their feats.

　　One of the greatest mysteries is how young birds know how to find the traditional wintering areas without parental guidance. Very few adults migrate with juveniles in tow, and youngsters may even have little or no inkling of their parents’ appearance. A familiar example is that of the cuckoo, which lays its eggs in another species’ nest and never encounters its young again. It is mind boggling to consider that, once raised by its host species, the young cuckoo makes it own way to ancestral wintering grounds in the tropics before returning single-handedly to northern Europe the next season to seek out a mate among its own kind. The obvious implication is that it inherits from its parents an inbuilt route map and direction-finding capability, as well as a mental image of what another cuckoo looks like. Yet nobody has the slightest idea as to how this is possible.

　　Mounting evidence has confirmed that birds use the positions of the sun and stars to obtain compass directions. They seem also to be able to detect the earth’s magnetic field, probably due to having minute crystals of magnetite in the region of their brains. However, true navigation also requires an awareness of position and time, especially when lost. Experiments have shown that after being taken thousands of miles over an unfamiliar landmass, birds are still capable of returning rapidly to nest sites. Such phenomenal powers are the product of computing a number of sophisticated cues, including an inborn map of the night sky and the pull of the earth’s magnetic field. How the birds use their ‘instruments’ remains unknown, but one thing is clear: they see the world with a superior sensory perception to ours. Most small birds migrate at night and take their direction from the position of the setting sun. However, as well as seeing the sun go down, they also seem to see the plane of polarized light caused by it, which calibrates their compass. Traveling at night provides other benefits. Daytime predators are avoided and the danger of dehydration due to flying for long periods in warm, sunlit skies is reduced. Furthermore, at night the air is generally cool and less turbulent and so conducive to sustained, stable flight.

　　Nevertheless, all journeys involve considerable risk, and part of the skill in arriving safely is setting off at the right time. This means accurate weather forecasting, and utilizing favorable winds. Birds are adept at both, and, in laboratory tests, some have been shown to detect the minute difference in barometric pressure between the floor and ceiling of a room. Often birds react to weather changes before there is any visible sign of them. Lapwings, which feed on grassland, flee west from the Netherlands to the British Isles, France and Spain at the onset of a cold snap. When the ground surface freezes the birds could starve. Yet they return to Holland ahead of a thaw, their arrival linked to a pressure change presaging an improvement in the weather.

　　In one instance a Welsh Manx shearwater carried to America and released was back in its burrow on Skokholm Island, off the Pembrokeshire coast, one day before a letter announcing its release! Conversely, each autumn a small number of North American birds are blown across the Atlantic by fast-moving westerly tail winds. Not only do they arrive safely in Europe, but, based on ringing evidence, some make it back to North America the following spring, after probably spending the winter with European migrants in sunny African climes.

　　Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

　　Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet.

　　List of headings

　　i The best moment to migrate

　　ii The unexplained rejection of closer feeding ground

　　iii The influence of weather on the migration route

　　iv Physical characteristics that allow birds to migrate

　　v The main reason why birds migrate

　　vi The best wintering grounds for birds

　　vii Research findings on how birds migrate

　　viii Successful migration despite trouble of wind

　　ix Contrast between long-distance migration and short-distance migration

　　x Mysterious migration despite lack of teaching

　　14 Paragraph A

　　15 Paragraph B

　　16 Paragraph C

　　17 Paragraph D

　　18 Paragraph E

　　19 Paragraph F

　　20 Paragraph G

　　 Questions 21-22

　　Choose TWO letters, A-E.

　　Write the correct letters in boxes 21 and 22 on your answer sheet.

　　Which TWO of the following statements are true of bird migration?

　　A Birds often fly further than they need to.

　　B Birds traveling in family groups are safe.

　　C Birds flying at night need less water.

　　D Birds have much sharper eye-sight than humans.

　　E Only shorebirds are resistant to strong winds.

　　Question 23-26

　　Complete the sentences below using NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR NUMBER from the passage.

　　Write your answers in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.

　　23 It is a great mystery that young birds like cuckoos can find their wintering grounds without ______.

　　24 Evidence shows birds can tell directions like a ______ by observing the sun and the stars.

　　25 One advantage for birds flying at night is that they can avoid contact with ______.

　　26 Laboratory tests show that birds can detect weather without ______signs.

　　题目详解

　　Questions 14-20

　　14. Paragraph A. 该段落明显提及鸟类诸多生理和解剖结构上的特点利于鸟类飞行，例如“lightweight, hollow bones, intricately designed feathers”，“navigation systems superior to any that man has developed, and an ingenious heat conserving design”等等，并且其他标题的信息均未提及。所以正确答案为iv。

　　15. Paragraph B. 段落开头便开章明义地提出鸟类迁徙的基本原因是为了食物，全段都是围绕这个内容进行阐述的。所以正确答案为v。

　　16. Paragraph C. 段落开头提及标题ii的信息“rejection of closer feeding ground”，后面继续说到没有人知道这是为什么，并且举例说明。在段落后面继续提及这种现象的一个规律“the further north a migrant species breeds, the further south it spends the winter”。同时，其他标题信息也没有出现。所以正确答案为ii。

　　17. Paragraph D. 该段落主要是讲鸟类不需要“parental guidance”便能够找到自己的“wintering areas”，然后以杜鹃鸟(cuckoo)举例说明这个现象，并在最后提出可能的解释“The obvious implication is that it inherits from its parents an inbuilt route map and direction-finding capability, as well as a mental image of what another cuckoo looks like”。该段落虽然出现“wintering grounds”信息对应标题vi (The best wintering grounds for birds)，但是并未提及什么样的地方才是鸟类最好的过冬之地，所以应该排除。于是，与该段落对应的唯一标题只有x(Mysterious migration despite lack of teaching)，“teaching”对应原文“parental guidance”，“mysterious”对应原文“One of the greatest mysteries”和“Yet nobody has the slightest idea as to how this is possible”。所以正确答案为x。

　　18. Paragraph E. 该段落比较明显地提及了鸟类迁徙时辨别方向的机制，比如利用太阳和星星，利用地球磁场等等，这些信息都对应标题vii(Research findings on how birds migrate)，虽然没出现具体的科学家或机构。段落最后提及的“Traveling at night provides other benefits”虽然对应标题i(The best moment to migrate)，但是该段落并不是主要在讲鸟类应该在晚上迁徙或应该在什么时间迁徙，而是主要讲鸟类如何在迁徙时辨别方向，所以应该排除。正确答案为vii。

19. Paragraph F. 该段落开头提及“…part of the skill in arriving safely is setting off at the right time”对应标题i(The best moment to migrate)，次句又提及“weather”对应标题iii(The influence of weather on the migration route)，和“winds”对应标题viii(Successful migration despite trouble of wind)，但是全段只是在讲鸟类有能力对气候变化做出最及时的反应(“react to weather changes before there is any visible sign of them”)，并藉此选择最佳的迁徙时刻，并未提及具体的不同天气状况怎样影响鸟类迁徙路线，也未具体讲风的内容，所以标题iii和标题viii都应排除。所以正确答案为i。20. Paragraph G. 段落以一个例子引出鸟类可以不受美洲和欧洲之间风的影响自由迁徙的事实，明显对应标题viii(Successful migration despite trouble of wind)，且其他标题信息都未提及，所以正确答案为viii。Questions 21-22选项A 该信息明显对应C段落所述内容“many birds journey much further than would be necessary”，所以为正确选项。

　　选项B 全文唯一提及“family”相关信息的地方是在D段落，但是这里并没有讲到“traveling in family groups”安全，只是提及鸟类没有父母指引仍然能寻觅到自己的过冬之地。全文唯一提及“safe”相关信息的地方是在段落E，但是也没有讲到“traveling in family groups”安全，只是提及夜晚飞行相对安全，因为“Daytime predators are avoided and the danger of dehydration due to flying for long periods in warm, sunlit skies is reduced”。所以该选项应该排除。

　　选项C 该信息对应E段落的倒数第二句话“the danger of dehydration due to flying for long periods in warm, sunlit skies is reduced”，也就是说夜晚飞行“need less water”。所以为正确选项。

　　选项D 原文虽然提及鸟类有较出色的身体构造，适合飞行，有比人类更敏锐的对天气变化感知的能力，有出色的认知方位的能力，但是却没有任何地方提及鸟类的“eye-sight”比人类出色，所以该选项应该排除。

　　选项E 原文G段落确实提及有些鸟类不会受到风的影响，可以自由横渡大西洋，原文只是说“each autumn a small number of North American birds…”，但是并未提及是只有“shorebirds”才能这样，所以该选项应该排除。

　　综上所述，正确答案为A，C。

　　Questions 23-26

　　23. 利用细节信息“young birds”，“cuckoos”和“wintering grounds”可以很容易定位到原文D段落第一句话“One of the greatest mysteries is how young birds know how to find the traditional wintering areas without parental guidance”，所以正确答案为parental guidance。

　　24. 利用细节信息“the sun and the stars”定位于原文E段落第一句话“Mounting evidence has confirmed that birds use the positions of the sun and stars to obtain compass directions”，所以正确答案为compass。

　　25. 利用细节信息“flying at night”定位于原文E段落倒数第二、三句话“Traveling at night provides other benefits. Daytime predators are avoided…”，所以正确答案为predators。

　　26. 利用细节信息“Laboratory tests”和“weather”定位于原文F段落“Birds are adept at both, and, in laboratory tests… birds react to weather changes before there is any visible sign of them”，所以正确答案为visible。

　　张诗歆（雅思阅读、听力老师）