2016年考研英语“搭配记忆”法巧解英译汉

我们之前说过，复习考研英语要注重真题，在记忆词汇和练习阅读理解、翻译题的时候要结合真题做搭配记忆，并辅以相应的练习，下面我们就以真题为例，从中摘取出容易出现的考点，让2016的考生更深刻地领会“搭配记忆”法。

【相关真题】

①Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing.②The student who wrote“The AP as a State of Mind”wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.③Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’sdecisionto quit his job.④Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the AP“policy”he enforces.

【高频考点】

1.完成初稿：you have a first draft on paper

2.必要的阐释你的观点的材料：material necessary to illustrate your points

3.使你的论文更有说服力：make your paper convincing

4.对女性表现出大男子主义：display chauvinistic attitudes toward women

5.与论文无关：have nothing to do with the thesis

6.对女孩的乖戾反应：crabbed response to the girls

7.他执行的AP“政策”the AP“policy”he enforces

【翻译练习】

①Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing.

结构提示：两个小括号里的内容充当后置定语。

②The student who wrote“The AP as a State of Mind”wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.

③Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’sdecisionto quit his job.

④Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the AP“policy”he enforces.

【参考译文】

①一旦完成初稿，你就可以删除那些与论文不想关的材料，同时增加必要的阐释论文观点的材料，使它更有说服力。

②一位写题为《AP：一种心理状态》的文章的学生明智地删掉了一段质疑萨米对女孩子表现出大男子主义的文字。

③尽管这个观点很有趣，但与论文无甚关联，因为论文旨在解释背景怎样影响萨米做出辞职的决定。

④作者没有把这段写进论文，而是增加了一段文字，描写伦格尔对女孩的乖戾反应，并由此得出他执行的AP“政策”。

【相关真题】

1.①In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.②It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers’ productivity.③Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect,” the extremely influential idea the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.

2.①The idea arose because of the perplexing behavior of the women in the plant.②According to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed.

【高频考点】

1.监督一系列的工业实验：supervise a series of industrial experiments

2.影响工人生产率：affect workers productivity

3.这些研究最终命名为“XKF”：the studies ended up giving their name to XKF

4.观点出现：the idea arose

5.非常重要的观点：the extremely influential idea

6.令人困惑的行为：the perplexing behavior

7.每小时的产出：hourly output

8.根据实验的描述：according to accounts of the experiments

【翻译练习】

1.①In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.

结构提示：called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago作factory的后置定语。

②It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers’ productivity.

结构提示：how shop-floor lighting affected workers’ productivity作learn的宾语从句，they would learn作hoped的宾语从句。

③Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect” , the extremely influential idea the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.

结构提示：the extremely influential idea作the“Hawthorne effect”的同位语。the very act作the extremely influential idea的同位语从句。

2.①The idea arose because of the perplexing behavior of the women in the plant.

②According to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed.

结构提示：when lighting was increased作rose的时间状语从句；but also后是省略句，补充完整应该是but also their hourly output rose(when it was dimmed)。

【参考译文】

1.①1924年，美国国家研究委员会派出两位工程师在芝加哥附近一家被称为霍桑工厂的电话配件工厂监督一系列研究实验。

②研究委员会希望他们的工程师能弄明白车间照明是如何影响工人的生产效率的。

③相反，这些研究最终命名为“霍桑效应”，这是个非常有影响力的观点，它表明：正是参加实验的行为本身改变了受试者的行为。

2.①这个观点出现是因为女工人令人困惑的行为。

②根据实验的描述，无论灯光变亮还是变暗，她们每小时的产量都会增加。

【相关真题】

1.①The idea is to create a federation of private online identity systems.②Users could select which system to join,and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems.③The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license issued by the government.

2.①Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sing-on”systems that make it possible for users to log in just once but use many different services.

3.①In effect, the approach would create a“walled garden”in cyberspace, with safe“neighborhoods”and bright“streetlights”to establish sense of trusted community.

4.①Mr. Schmidt described it as a“voluntary ecosystem”in which“individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with confidence, trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure on which the transaction runs”.

【高频考点】

1.身份得到认证：identities have been authenticated

2.使用那些系统：navigate those systems

3.这个方法与……的方法形成鲜明对比：The approach contrasts with one that…

4.政府签发的X：X issued by the government

5.谷歌和微软等公司已经做某事：Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have done something

6.只登录一次：log in just once

7.很放心地完成网上交易：complete online transactions with confidence

【翻译练习】

1.①The idea is to create a federation of private online identity systems.

②Users could select which system to join,and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems.

③The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license issued by the government.

2.①Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sing-on”systems that make it possible for users to log in just once but use many different services.

3.①In effect, the approach would create a“walled garden”in cyberspace, with safe“neighborhoods”and bright“streetlights”to establish sense of trusted community.

4.①Mr. Schmidt described it as a“voluntary ecosystem”in which“individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with confidence, trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure on which the transaction runs”.

结构提示：in which“individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with confidence, trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure on which the transaction runs”作a“voluntary ecosystem”的定语从句。

【参考译文】

1.①这一构想就是建立一个私人的网络身份系统联盟。

②用户可以选择加入任何一个系统，而且只有身份得到认证的注册用户才可以使用那些系统。

③这个方法与政府签发网络“驾照”的方法形成鲜明对比。

2.①谷歌和微软等公司已经启用这些“单次登录”系统，该系统允许用户只登录一次便可享用多项不同的服务。

3.①实际上，这种做法是在网络上创建一个“带有围墙的花园”，配以安全的“街区”和明亮的“路灯”，以给人一种可信社区的感觉。

4.①Schmidt先生将这个系统描述成一个“自愿型生态系统”，在这个系统里“个人和团体可以很放心地完成网上交易，他们会相互信任各自的身份以及这个交易平台的身份”。

“搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助，但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧，希望大家在以后的复习过程中，能按照这种方法把真题吃透，日积月累，你会发现效果真的不错。